Lesson 1: From Paradise to Paradise - Cantos I-V
In the first week, we will introduce medieval ideas about the cosmos: the spheres, the seven heavens, and Paradise. What did these different but overlapping concepts mean to medieval society, and how does Dante use them to lay the foundations for his own compelling scheme of Paradise? Then we will begin our ascent properly, stepping out onto the “narthex” of the heavens – the Moon – where will be confronted with one of the most difficult realities about Paradise: Here, as in Hell, everyone gets as much God as they want – and some people want more God than others.
Lesson 2: Heaven is for Lovers - Cantos VI-XIV
In this lesson, we will move through the spheres of Mercury (the Ambitious), Venus (the Lovers), and the Sun (the Theologians). Beatrice, our guide, gives us various explanations both scientific and metaphysical as we ponder what it means to have a body, the nature of the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the age to come. We will also consider the main theme of Paradiso – that of vision – as Dante’s eyes must be strengthened to prepare him for the vision of the Holy Trinity.
Lesson 3: The Cross of Mars - Cantos XV-XX
In this lesson, we continue our ascent through the spheres of Mars (the Warriors of God) and Jupiter (the Just and Temperate Rulers). Here, Dante has an encounter with his distinguished great-great-grandfather, Cacciaguida, in the central episode of Paradiso which Dante based on an important classical exemplar, The Dream of Scipio. More than any other passages in the Comedia, these cantos invite us to ponder the question of what it means to be a “great man,” a great Christian, and whether those two things are even compatible.
Lesson 4: The Ladder of Saturn - Cantos XXI-XXVII
In this lesson, we’ll complete our ascent through the seventh heaven of Saturn (the Contemplatives) as we move into the realm of the fixed stars and the garden of Mary and the Apostles. These cantos are in a way the summary of everything that Dante has learned in his week-long journey through the afterlife, and he is tested on whether or not he truly possesses the Christian virtues of Faith, Hope, and Love.
Lesson 5: The Mystic Rose - Cantos XXVIII-XXXIII
Having passed the examination of the three apostles, Dante concludes his ascent as he enters the Empyrean. Here, Beatrice leaves us to take her place with the Virgin Mary, and it is St. Bernard who now leads us and Dante in a grand vision of the Mystic Rose – the Church as Creation and Creation as the Church, the mystical marriage between Christ and his Bride. Through the intercessions of St. Bernard and the Virgin Mary, Dante is finally granted to move beyond symbols to a direct vision of God, gazing at last upon the love that “moves the sun and other stars.”